Linguistics is a science concerned with the study of human languages ​​and the study of their characteristics, structures and degrees of similarity and contrast between them, and studies language from all its aspects in a comprehensive study.
The linguist is the person who does this study. Modern linguistics emerged as a science in the 19th century AD, but as a field of study as old as man, linguistics came with a new and main idea with the emergence of the world Ferdinand de Saussure. In conjunction with the secularization of the Industrial Revolution, Saussure wanted to secularize language also in his book "Lectures in General Linguistics", which was about A group of lectures collected by his students and the language of Saussure bears multiple identities derived from the values ​​of religion, the environment, culture, and philosophical thought.
Linguistics is divided into two main parts: the first is concerned with the study of the form of language or what is termed structure, and the second is concerned with the study of the meaning of language or what is termed semantics.
Linguistics is divided into several sections, including:

• Theoretical linguistics is concerned with modeling linguistic knowledge
• Evolutionary linguistics is concerned with the origins of language and how it originated
• Historical linguistics studies the change of language (sounds of words, their meanings and sentence structures) throughout history and the analysis of the social and political reasons for those linguistic changes
• Sociolinguistics and presents a study of the relationship between language changes and the impact of the community, its culture, customs and traditions on those changes
• Psycholinguistics is the study of the form and function of language in the mind
• Neurolinguistics looks at how language is processed in the brain
• Language Acquisition This aspect examines how children and adults acquire a language
• Discourse analysis in which an analysis of written texts for natural conversations is presented