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Book cover of مأساة دكتور فاوستس by Christopher Marlow

مأساة دكتور فاوستس

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دكتور فاوستس مسرحية إنجليزية من تأليف كريستوفر مارلو المولود سنة ولادة شكسبير": 1564, والمتوفي في العام 1593, فكان معاصرا لشكسبير في نشاطه المسرحي. نشرت المسرحية لأول مرة عام 1604, أي بعد 11 عاما من وفاة المؤلف. القصة في أساسها من المأثورات الجرمانية القديمة, وعرضت عدة مرات في عصر الملكة إليزابيث الأولى (1533-1603) فأثارت الكثير من الجدل حول شخوصها ومضامينها, وبما أوحت به من آراء جون كالفن زعيم الإصلاح البروتستانتي في فرنسا وسويسرا, مما كان يملأ الجو الفكري والفلسفي حول القدرية والجبرية في جامعة كمبريدج حيث تخرج المؤلف. المسرحية مكتوبة بأسلوب الشعر المرسل, الخماسي الوزن الذي يخلو من القافية, مثل مسرحيات شكسبير, إلى جانب مقاطع من النثر في كلام الجوقة وفي المشاهد الكوميدية, التي يكثر فيها الكلام العامي المبتذل والتجديف بأغلظ الأيمان. وقد قتل المؤلف في مشاجرة بسلاحه نفسه, مما أثار تعليقات خصومه بأن مقتله كان انتقاما إلهيا.
Author portrait of Christopher Marlow

Christopher Marlow

Christopher Marlowe (February 26, 1564 - May 30, 1593) was an English playwright, poet, and translator of the Elizabethan era. The most famous English tragedian after William Shakespeare, and is known for his sent poetry. Christopher Marlowe (Marlene) was born in 1564, in the same year as Shakespeare, and was baptized on February 26 in the suburb of Canterbury in the British city of Kent, and taught in its most famous schools, such as the King's School. His father was a cobbler and Marlo learned from him and that strength is a symbol of existence and inherited from his father strength in his plays. Marlo was known as a quarrelsome in his youth and with two notorious sisters in the town. After his school studies, he joined the University of Cambridge in 1580, where the study was for three years, but it continues for another three years if the learner intends to obtain a priestly degree. The university inquired about his activities and seemed suspicious of his gift, as he had been absent from Cambridge for a long time, and his matter seemed terrifying to the authorities, who suspected that he was in the French city of Reims and that he was a spy for the British Protestant Queen Elizabeth, transmitting news about Catholics. The story says that Marlucan was a writer and an actor on the stage, but outside he was a professional spy, and that his play (The Jew of Malta) was taken from his own experience, meaning that he was a spy for ships and was imprisoned in Malta, so he wrote his play there.

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