جلفدان هانم

He is Ali bin Ahmed bin Muhammad Bakathir al-Kindi. He was born on the 15th of Dhu al-Hijjah 1328 AH corresponding to December 21, 1910 AD, on the island of Surabaya, Indonesia, to Yemeni parents from the Hadhramaut region. When he reached the age of ten, his father traveled with him to Hadhramaut to raise an Arab and Islamic upbringing there with his father's brothers. He reached the city of Seiyun in Hadhramaut on Rajab 15, 1338 AH corresponding to April 5, 1920 AD. There he received his education at the Nahda Scientific School and studied Arabic and Sharia sciences at the hands of eminent sheikhs, including his uncle, the linguist and grammarian judge Muhammad bin Muhammad Bakathir. He also received religious sciences at the hands of the jurist Muhammad bin Hadi al-Saqqaf. . Bakathir's talents appeared early, so he composed poetry when he was thirteen years old, and he taught at the Renaissance School and took over its administration when he was under twenty years old. Bakathir arrived in Egypt in 1352 AH, corresponding to 1934 AD, and joined Fouad I University (currently Cairo University), where he obtained a Bachelor of Arts, Department of English Language in 1359 AH / 1939 AD, and in 1936 AD, while studying at the university, he translated Shakespeare's play (Romeo and Juliet) In sent poetry, and two years later - that is, in 1938 AD - he composed his play (Akhenaten and Nefertiti) with free poetry, to be the pioneer of this type of system in Arabic literature. After graduating from university, Bakathir joined the Institute of Education for Teachers and obtained a diploma in 1940, and worked as an English language teacher for fourteen years. Bakathir traveled to France in 1954 on a free scholarship. After the end of the study, he preferred to reside in Egypt, where he loved the Egyptian society and interacted with it, so he married a conservative Egyptian family, and his relationship with men of thought and literature became close, such as Al-Akkad, Tawfiq Al-Hakim, Al-Mazini, Muhib Al-Din Al-Khatib, Naguib Mahfouz, Saleh Jawdat and others. Bakathir said in an interview with Radio Aden in 1968 that he is classified as the second Arab playwright after Tawfiq al-Hakim.