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Book cover of تابع الشيطان by George Bernard Shaw

تابع الشيطان

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أيها القارئ، أنت مع مسرحية جريئة لكاتب جريء لم يعرف المجتمع الإنكليزي مثيلاً له في الجرأة، فضلاً عن قدراته العظيمة في الكتابة الفنية للمسرح. في هذه المسرحية، تابع الشيطان، ستجد أيها القارئ أموراً واقعية معروضة بأسلوب ساخر، وربما لاذع إلى حد بعيد. إنها مسرحية مسلية، وفي الوقت نفسه عالية المستوى، تحتاج إلى قراءة متأنية لقد كتبها برنارد شو لكل فئات المجتمع من دون استثناء سنة 1897، ولاقت بعد طباعتها سنة 1900، نجاحاً كبيراً في نيويورك، وفي مدن أخرى في العالم. هذا وقد رسم برنارد شو شخصيات هذه المسرحية بعناية فائقة. فالسيدة داد جون هي امرأة محافظة، متمسكة بالتقاليد الموروثة عن الأجداد، وصارمة في علاقاتها اليومية بالآخرين. وأنطوني اندرسن كاهن يكتشف نفسه من جديد في ساعة اختبار حاسمة، فيترك الوعظ لكي يقاتل إلى جانب الوطنيين في حرب الاستقلال الأمريكية. أما ريتشارد داد جون فهو نموذج مألوف للبطل الميلودرامي الذي يتصرف طبقاً للعرف وليس بحسب مقتضيات القانون، وذلك من خلال كونه مستعداً للموت بدلاً من شخص آخر، وهو دون أن يكشف النقاب عن الشخص المطلوب للمحاكمة، الذي هو اندرسن: ليس لأنه ملزم بالتضحية بالنفس من أجل اندرسن، ولكن لأنه يمتلك الطيبة كصفة مميزة في نفسه والتي لا يمكن التخلي عنها أو إهمالها. وقد قال الجودي في اليوم التالي بعد أن قبض عليه إنه لم يستطع أن يمنع نفسه عن تقديم رقبته بدلا من رقبة شخص آخر لوضعها في أنشوطة المشنقة. وعبر عن موقفه هذا بوضوح إذ قال لها إنه يتصرف طبقاً لقانون طبيعته، ولا يمكنه أن يقف ضد ذلك. إن نقطة الذروة في هذه المسرحية نجدها في المشهد الأخير عندما يكون ريتشارد وهو مكبل بالأغلال على وشك أن يشنق بدلاً من أنطوني أندرسن كمتمرد، لكنه ينقذ في اللحظة الأخيرة بعودة أندرسن إلى الظهور كقائد شعبي-يحمل جواز مرور للتفاوض مع المستعمرين الإنكليز من أجل الجلاء عن مدينة سبرينغ تاون الأمريكية. أما موضوع هذه المسرحية الرئيسي الكامن خلف الأحداث فهو الصراع بين الخير والشر، وقد شغل هذا الصراع الفلاسفة والأدباء على مر العصور وما زال يلقى اهتماماً كبيراً من المفكرين في عصرنا الراهن. ولأهمية هذه المسرحية الخالدة يتم ترجمتها في هذه الطبعة التي بين أيدينا وذلك لتكون بمتناول الطلاب العرب، هذا وقد اشتملت بالإضافة إلى الترجمة العربية على النص الإنكليزي الأصلي، هذا إلى جانب بعض المناقشات البسيطة المدرجة في نهاية كل جزء.
Author portrait of George Bernard Shaw

George Bernard Shaw

Shaw was born on July 26, 1856 in Dublin, Ireland to a middle class and had to leave school at the age of fifteen to work as a civil servant. His father was a drunkard, addicted to alcohol, which caused him to react by not approaching alcohol throughout his life. He was also a vegetarian and did not eat meat, which had an impact on his longevity and permanent health. His mother left home for London with her two daughters, and Shaw joined them in 1876. He did not return to Ireland for nearly thirty years. Bernard Shaw lived a poor and miserable life in his youth, and when he became rich, he did not need that award, which is sometimes given to those who do not deserve it.. And because his life was in its infancy a struggle against poverty, he made the fight against poverty a main goal of everything he wrote and he saw that poverty is the source of all sins. Evils such as theft, addiction and deviation, and that poverty means weakness, ignorance, disease, oppression and hypocrisy. This is evident in his play "The Major Barbara", in which he deals with the subject of poverty, capitalism, and the hypocrisy of charities. When he left for London, he began to frequent the British Museum to educate himself, which was a great credit for the originality and independence of his thought. His literary career began in London, where he wrote five novels that did not have much success: "Immaturity", "The Irrational Knot", "Love Between Artists", "The Career of Cashel Byron" and "The Socialist and the Non-Socialist", but later became famous as a music critic in one newspapers. He then became involved in politics and began his activity in the field of socialism and joined the Fabian Society (an English society whose members sought to spread socialist principles by peaceful means.) Shaw was a fan of the Norwegian poet and playwright Henrik Ibsen (considered the greatest playwright of all time. in the use of theater to address social issues). Ibsen's influence on Shaw was evident in his early days. Although he left school early, he continued to read and learned Latin, Greek and French, and this was like Shakespeare who left school as a child to help his father. However, the lack of education in schools did not deter him from gaining knowledge and self-learning. Schools, according to Bernard Shaw, "are nothing but prisons and prisons." He was a feminist and an advocate of income equality. Despite the atheism of George Bernad Shaw, his ideal was the Prophet Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace. . He wanted to call for that thought that he believed in through a theatrical performance, so he could only portray his religious hero in a public play, to spread his religious views in terms of the struggle for freedom of opinion, and in terms of deliverance from blind fanaticism, and in terms of freedom from exclusion Authority, he wanted to write the play "Muhammad" to cast his views on one level. Bernard Shaw was one of the most famous who refused the Nobel Prize when it was presented to him and said: “This is a lifeline that is thrown to a man who has already reached safety, and is no longer in danger.” He died on November 2, 1950

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