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Book cover of Tratado sobre la tolerancia by Voltaire

Tratado sobre la tolerancia

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Author:

Voltaire

Number Of Reads:

42

Language:

es

Category:

Social sciences

Section:

Pages:

112

Quality:

good

Views:

859

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Book Description

En 1685, Luis XIV revoca el edicto de Nantes, que permitía la libertad de cultos en Francia. En este clima de intolerancia religiosa, Voltaire escribe el Tratado sobre la tolerancia con ocasión de la muerte de Jean Calas y anima al resto de los filósofos a hacer la guerra sistemáticamente, al Infame, es decir, a cualquier religión, pero, sobre todo, a la católica de Roma. Voltaire, a diferencia de Rousseau, pretende pasar de una oposición meramente intelectual a una lucha activa centrada en los casos particulares. El caso de Jean Calas, comerciante jansenista que fue declarado culpable en un juicio manipulado, y ajusticiado por un delito no cometido, iba a ser la primera aplicación de esa consigna que daba al resto de los filósofos. Voltaire organiza los datos de que dispone en una estrategia de combate sin antecedentes en la historia y que sólo puede compararse con una moderna campaña de prensa. La historia de los Calas es, en el Tratado sobre la tolerancia, un trampolín para hacer un juicio al fanatismo: de los detalles particulares Voltaire se eleva a las alturas bíblicas, históricas, metafísicas y conceptuales sin olvidar el recurso a los detalles del sentimiento personal. El autor se encarna en los perseguidos para buscar el triunfo final de la filosofía y de las luces sobre el Infame.

Author portrait of Voltaire

Voltaire

François-Marie Arouet (21 November 1694 – 30 May 1778) was a French Enlightenment writer, historian, and philosopher. Known by his nom de plume Voltaire, he was famous for his wit, and his criticism of Christianity—especially the Roman Catholic Church—and of slavery. Voltaire was an advocate of freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and separation of church and state.

Voltaire was a versatile and prolific writer, producing works in almost every literary form, including plays, poems, novels, essays, histories, and scientific expositions. He wrote more than 20,000 letters and 2,000 books and pamphlets.Voltaire was one of the first authors to become renowned and commercially successful internationally. He was an outspoken advocate of civil liberties and was at constant risk from the strict censorship laws of the Catholic French monarchy. His polemics witheringly satirized intolerance, religious dogma, and the French institutions of his day. His best-known work and magnum opus, Candide, is a novella which comments on, criticizes, and ridicules many events, thinkers, and philosophies of his time.

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